Dear NM users,
I would like to perform a simulation (on R) incorporating parameter
uncertainty. For now I'm working on a simple PK model. Parameters were
estimated with NONMEM. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to
assess parameter uncertainty. I've read about using the standard errors
reported by NONMEM and assume a normal distribution. The main problem is
this can lead to negative values. Another approach would be a more
computational non-parametric method like bootstrap. Do you know other
methods to assess parameter uncertainty?
Best regards
F. Gallais
Parameter uncertainty
11 messages
10 people
Latest: Feb 16, 2017
Hi Fanny,
Likelihood profiles are very useful to asses parameter uncertainty.
I am sure you find a tutorial somewhere how they work.
A number of software packages automate the process quite a bit.
They are usually much more computationally efficient than bootstrap.
Warm regards,
Douglas Eleveld
Quoted reply history
From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On
Behalf Of Fanny Gallais
Sent: woensdag 15 februari 2017 11:55
To: [email protected]
Subject: [NMusers] Parameter uncertainty
Dear NM users,
I would like to perform a simulation (on R) incorporating parameter
uncertainty. For now I'm working on a simple PK model. Parameters were
estimated with NONMEM. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to assess
parameter uncertainty. I've read about using the standard errors reported by
NONMEM and assume a normal distribution. The main problem is this can lead to
negative values. Another approach would be a more computational non-parametric
method like bootstrap. Do you know other methods to assess parameter
uncertainty?
Best regards
F. Gallais
________________________________
Dear Fanny,
I would use either bootstrapping or likelihood profiling, both of them are
implemented in PsN ('bootstrap' and 'llp').
Kind regards
Max Taubert
________________________________
Von: [email protected] [[email protected]]" im Auftrag
von "Fanny Gallais [[email protected]]
Gesendet: Mittwoch, 15. Februar 2017 11:55
An: [email protected]
Betreff: [NMusers] Parameter uncertainty
Dear NM users,
I would like to perform a simulation (on R) incorporating parameter
uncertainty. For now I'm working on a simple PK model. Parameters were
estimated with NONMEM. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to assess
parameter uncertainty. I've read about using the standard errors reported by
NONMEM and assume a normal distribution. The main problem is this can lead to
negative values. Another approach would be a more computational non-parametric
method like bootstrap. Do you know other methods to assess parameter
uncertainty?
Best regards
F. Gallais
Hi Fanny,
It is often good practice to fit parameters that must be positive on the log
scale (by exponentiating them). That will ensure that when sampling from a
normal distribution (and then exponentiating the sample) you will have a
positive value.
LLP was suggested, but it won't assess correlation between your parameters
which is often important when running simulations.
Bootstrap is another good alternative as has already been suggested.
Thanks,
Bill
Quoted reply history
> On Feb 15, 2017, at 5:55 AM, Fanny Gallais <[email protected]> wrote:
>
> Dear NM users,
>
> I would like to perform a simulation (on R) incorporating parameter
> uncertainty. For now I'm working on a simple PK model. Parameters were
> estimated with NONMEM. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to
> assess parameter uncertainty. I've read about using the standard errors
> reported by NONMEM and assume a normal distribution. The main problem is this
> can lead to negative values. Another approach would be a more computational
> non-parametric method like bootstrap. Do you know other methods to assess
> parameter uncertainty?
>
>
> Best regards
>
> F. Gallais
>
>
>
>
>
Hi Fanny,
As I understand it, you’re looking for ways to produce predictions according to
your model taking into account parameter uncertainty.
We’ve recently published on the importance of parameter uncertainty when
considering probability of target attainment for antibiotic dosing regimens.
(Colin et al. J Antimicrob Chemother (2016) 71 (9): 2502-2508)
The online supplement to this paper holds an R-script which you can use to
simulate (and calculate PTA, if relevant) taking into account parameter
uncertainty. For this, the script uses the variance-covariance matrix that is
produced by the $COV step in NONMEM. Of course other techniques which generate
a var-cov matrix could be used as input for the script as well.
Kind regards,
Pieter Colin
Quoted reply history
From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On
Behalf Of Fanny Gallais
Sent: woensdag 15 februari 2017 11:55
To: [email protected]
Subject: [NMusers] Parameter uncertainty
Dear NM users,
I would like to perform a simulation (on R) incorporating parameter
uncertainty. For now I'm working on a simple PK model. Parameters were
estimated with NONMEM. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to assess
parameter uncertainty. I've read about using the standard errors reported by
NONMEM and assume a normal distribution. The main problem is this can lead to
negative values. Another approach would be a more computational non-parametric
method like bootstrap. Do you know other methods to assess parameter
uncertainty?
Best regards
F. Gallais
Dear Fanny and Bill,
The sampling importance resampling (SIR) approach [1] to characterize the
parameter uncertainty address the aspects pointed out Bill. In my opinion
this is currently in general the most widely applicable and accurate method
to characterize parameter uncertainty for NLMEM (bootstrap is likely
approximately as good for large datasets and balanced designs). The method
is implemented in PsN [2] and ready to use together with NONMEM.
[1] Dosne A-G, Bergstrand M, Harling K, Karlsson MO. Improving the
estimation of parameter uncertainty distributions in nonlinear mixed
effects models using sampling importance resampling. J Pharmacokinet
Pharmacodyn. 2016 Oct 11.
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10928-016-9487-8
[2] SIR user guide, PsN 4.6.0:
http://psn.sourceforge.net/pdfdocs/sir_userguide.pdf
Best regards,
Martin Bergstrand, Ph.D.
Senior Consultant
Pharmetheus AB
+46(0)709 994 396
[email protected]
www.pharmetheus.com
+46(0)18 513 328
U-A Science Park, Dag Hammarskjölds v. 52b
752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
*This communication is confidential and is only intended for the use of the
individual or entity to which it is directed. It may contain information
that is privileged and exempt from disclosure under applicable law. If you
are not the intended recipient please notify us immediately. Please do not
copy it or disclose its contents to any other person.*
*From:* [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] *On
Behalf Of *William Denney
*Sent:* Wednesday, February 15, 2017 1:01 PM
*To:* Fanny Gallais <[email protected]>
*Cc:* [email protected]
*Subject:* Re: [NMusers] Parameter uncertainty
Hi Fanny,
It is often good practice to fit parameters that must be positive on the
log scale (by exponentiating them). That will ensure that when sampling
from a normal distribution (and then exponentiating the sample) you will
have a positive value.
LLP was suggested, but it won't assess correlation between your parameters
which is often important when running simulations.
Bootstrap is another good alternative as has already been suggested.
Thanks,
Bill
Quoted reply history
On Feb 15, 2017, at 5:55 AM, Fanny Gallais <[email protected]> wrote:
Dear NM users,
I would like to perform a simulation (on R) incorporating parameter
uncertainty. For now I'm working on a simple PK model. Parameters were
estimated with NONMEM. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to
assess parameter uncertainty. I've read about using the standard errors
reported by NONMEM and assume a normal distribution. The main problem is
this can lead to negative values. Another approach would be a more
computational non-parametric method like bootstrap. Do you know other
methods to assess parameter uncertainty?
Best regards
F. Gallais
One of the tools available for simulations is Metrum R package
metrumrg
install.packages("metrumrg", repos=" http://R-Forge.R-project.org";)
Example of applications can be found here:
http://www.page-meeting.org/page/page2006/P2006III_11.pdf
Since the time it was written (2005-2006), Nonmem enhanced the simulations options, so now you can simulate from the model-estimated uncertainty directly from Nonmem. The R package could be useful if you do it from the bootstrap results.
Leonid
> *From:*[email protected]
> [mailto:[email protected]] *On Behalf Of *Fanny Gallais
> *Sent:* Wednesday, February 15, 2017 5:55 AM
> *To:* [email protected]
> *Subject:* [NMusers] Parameter uncertainty
>
> Dear NM users,
>
> I would like to perform a simulation (on R) incorporating parameter
> uncertainty. For now I'm working on a simple PK model. Parameters were
> estimated with NONMEM. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to
> assess parameter uncertainty. I've read about using the standard errors
> reported by NONMEM and assume a normal distribution. The main problem is
> this can lead to negative values. Another approach would be a more
> computational non-parametric method like bootstrap. Do you know other
> methods to assess parameter uncertainty?
>
> Best regards
>
> F. Gallais
>
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> buSp9xeMeKEbrUze
Dear Fanny,
Another useful tool you may want to try is using the mrgsolve package available
in R, developed by Kyle Baron at Metrum Research Group. I have found mrgsolve
to be very efficient for PKPD simulation and sensitivity analysis in R. There
is an example of incorporating parameter uncertainty (from $COV step in NONMEM)
in Section 9 of the example on Probability of Technical Success (link below).
https://github.com/mrgsolve/examples/blob/master/PrTS/pts.pdf
Best regards,
Jason
Quoted reply history
From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On
Behalf Of Fanny Gallais
Sent: Wednesday, February 15, 2017 2:55 AM
To: [email protected]
Subject: [NMusers] Parameter uncertainty
Dear NM users,
I would like to perform a simulation (on R) incorporating parameter
uncertainty. For now I'm working on a simple PK model. Parameters were
estimated with NONMEM. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to assess
parameter uncertainty. I've read about using the standard errors reported by
NONMEM and assume a normal distribution. The main problem is this can lead to
negative values. Another approach would be a more computational non-parametric
method like bootstrap. Do you know other methods to assess parameter
uncertainty?
Best regards
F. Gallais
Thank you all for your responses. It is going to be very useful for my
work.
Best regards,
F.G.
Quoted reply history
2017-02-15 17:35 GMT+01:00 Williams, Jason <[email protected]>:
> Dear Fanny,
>
>
>
> Another useful tool you may want to try is using the mrgsolve package
> available in R, developed by Kyle Baron at Metrum Research Group. I have
> found mrgsolve to be very efficient for PKPD simulation and sensitivity
> analysis in R. There is an example of incorporating parameter uncertainty
> (from $COV step in NONMEM) in Section 9 of the example on Probability of
> Technical Success (link below).
>
>
>
> https://github.com/mrgsolve/examples/blob/master/PrTS/pts.pdf
>
>
>
> Best regards,
>
>
> Jason
>
>
>
> *From:* [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]]
> *On Behalf Of *Fanny Gallais
> *Sent:* Wednesday, February 15, 2017 2:55 AM
> *To:* [email protected]
> *Subject:* [NMusers] Parameter uncertainty
>
>
>
> Dear NM users,
>
>
>
> I would like to perform a simulation (on R) incorporating parameter
> uncertainty. For now I'm working on a simple PK model. Parameters were
> estimated with NONMEM. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to
> assess parameter uncertainty. I've read about using the standard errors
> reported by NONMEM and assume a normal distribution. The main problem is
> this can lead to negative values. Another approach would be a more
> computational non-parametric method like bootstrap. Do you know other
> methods to assess parameter uncertainty?
>
>
>
>
>
> Best regards
>
>
>
> F. Gallais
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
Dear Fanny,
One additional method to obtain the parameter uncertainty, which I don't
believe was mentioned, is Bayesian estimation using Markov-Chain Monte
Carlo (MCMC) simulation. This method provides a full joint posterior
distribution (e.g. uncertainty distribution) of the parameters and any
predicted quantities, and is really the gold standard for this type of
goal. It is possible to implement this method in NONMEM (with some
limitations on the prior distributions), or you could use BUGS or Stan with
associated PK model libraries. You can also extract the samples from the
posterior distribution and simulate using the methods already described in
this thread.
Marc
Quoted reply history
On Thu, Feb 16, 2017 at 6:01 AM, Fanny Gallais <[email protected]>
wrote:
> Thank you all for your responses. It is going to be very useful for my
> work.
>
> Best regards,
>
> F.G.
>
> 2017-02-15 17:35 GMT+01:00 Williams, Jason <[email protected]>:
>
>> Dear Fanny,
>>
>>
>>
>> Another useful tool you may want to try is using the mrgsolve package
>> available in R, developed by Kyle Baron at Metrum Research Group. I have
>> found mrgsolve to be very efficient for PKPD simulation and sensitivity
>> analysis in R. There is an example of incorporating parameter uncertainty
>> (from $COV step in NONMEM) in Section 9 of the example on Probability of
>> Technical Success (link below).
>>
>>
>>
>> https://github.com/mrgsolve/examples/blob/master/PrTS/pts.pdf
>>
>>
>>
>> Best regards,
>>
>>
>> Jason
>>
>>
>>
>> *From:* [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]]
>> *On Behalf Of *Fanny Gallais
>> *Sent:* Wednesday, February 15, 2017 2:55 AM
>> *To:* [email protected]
>> *Subject:* [NMusers] Parameter uncertainty
>>
>>
>>
>> Dear NM users,
>>
>>
>>
>> I would like to perform a simulation (on R) incorporating parameter
>> uncertainty. For now I'm working on a simple PK model. Parameters were
>> estimated with NONMEM. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to
>> assess parameter uncertainty. I've read about using the standard errors
>> reported by NONMEM and assume a normal distribution. The main problem is
>> this can lead to negative values. Another approach would be a more
>> computational non-parametric method like bootstrap. Do you know other
>> methods to assess parameter uncertainty?
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>> Best regards
>>
>>
>>
>> F. Gallais
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>
>
--
Marc R. Gastonguay, Ph.D. <[email protected]>
CEO
Metrum Research Group LLC http://metrumrg.com
2 Tunxis Rd., Ste 112, Tariffville, CT 06081 USA
Tel: +1.860.735.7043 ext. 101, Mobile: +1.860.670.0744, Fax: +1.860.760.6014
Hi Fanny, Marc
I was thinking in the same direction as Marc. If you use MCMC (BAYES method in
NONMEM) the algorithm will provide you with samples from the posterior density
(posterior = likelihood * prior). From these samples you can then investigate
different statistics, for example variance of your parameters. Be caution about
convergence of the algorithm, since these algorithms are not guaranteed to
sample uncorrelated samples.
On the same topic, are there any good comparisons out there comparing the
standard covariance matrix approach, bootstrap, profiling and MCMC?
/Jacob
Quoted reply history
From: [email protected] [mailto:[email protected]] On
Behalf Of Marc Gastonguay
Sent: den 16 februari 2017 13:23
To: Fanny Gallais <[email protected]>
Cc: Williams, Jason <[email protected]>; [email protected]
Subject: Re: [NMusers] Parameter uncertainty
Dear Fanny,
One additional method to obtain the parameter uncertainty, which I don't
believe was mentioned, is Bayesian estimation using Markov-Chain Monte Carlo
(MCMC) simulation. This method provides a full joint posterior distribution
(e.g. uncertainty distribution) of the parameters and any predicted quantities,
and is really the gold standard for this type of goal. It is possible to
implement this method in NONMEM (with some limitations on the prior
distributions), or you could use BUGS or Stan with associated PK model
libraries. You can also extract the samples from the posterior distribution and
simulate using the methods already described in this thread.
Marc
On Thu, Feb 16, 2017 at 6:01 AM, Fanny Gallais
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>> wrote:
Thank you all for your responses. It is going to be very useful for my work.
Best regards,
F.G.
2017-02-15 17:35 GMT+01:00 Williams, Jason
<[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>>:
Dear Fanny,
Another useful tool you may want to try is using the mrgsolve package available
in R, developed by Kyle Baron at Metrum Research Group. I have found mrgsolve
to be very efficient for PKPD simulation and sensitivity analysis in R. There
is an example of incorporating parameter uncertainty (from $COV step in NONMEM)
in Section 9 of the example on Probability of Technical Success (link below).
https://github.com/mrgsolve/examples/blob/master/PrTS/pts.pdf
Best regards,
Jason
From: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
[mailto:[email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>] On
Behalf Of Fanny Gallais
Sent: Wednesday, February 15, 2017 2:55 AM
To: [email protected]<mailto:[email protected]>
Subject: [NMusers] Parameter uncertainty
Dear NM users,
I would like to perform a simulation (on R) incorporating parameter
uncertainty. For now I'm working on a simple PK model. Parameters were
estimated with NONMEM. I'm trying to figure out what is the best way to assess
parameter uncertainty. I've read about using the standard errors reported by
NONMEM and assume a normal distribution. The main problem is this can lead to
negative values. Another approach would be a more computational non-parametric
method like bootstrap. Do you know other methods to assess parameter
uncertainty?
Best regards
F. Gallais
--
Marc R. Gastonguay, Ph.D.<mailto:[email protected]>
CEO
Metrum Research Group http://metrumrg.com
2 Tunxis Rd., Ste 112, Tariffville, CT 06081 USA
Tel: +1.860.735.7043 ext. 101, Mobile: +1.860.670.0744, Fax: +1.860.760.6014
________________________________
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